Author(s): Fatimaalzhra Ali Abdulhussein

Abstract: Objective: The rational usage of drug is identified that use the appropriate medication for individual disease, only for required time and doses depended manner in cost-effective way, respectively. Antibiotics are the most common type of medication that misused according to rule of rational usage of drug. Antibiotics are used in mostly childhood. Due to the antibiotics prescription and diagnosis some diseases affect children more frequently than adults such as otitis media, tonsillitis, sinusitis. Material and Method: In this research, classic and multiple choice questions were done a total of 248 parents that have at least one child who were treated in Baghdad/Al Karkh Department of Pediatrics in 2021 and 2022. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Comparison of intergroup data was determined using Student’s t-test and Chi square test. Results: Answers were compared with overall comparison, compared with age and educational status. Given the answers due to the usage of antibiotics randomly end up with the rate of remain ineffective were founded 71, 5% (in general), 82, 9% (40 aged and over), 82, 2% (university degree), respectively. In questions for parents, in cases where the symptoms begin to improve, 54.8% were cut the drugs for treatments that were uneducated, 52, 3% were continue the using drugs that were graduated from university. Conclusion: Health departments and the community should be informed about rational usage of antibiotics which have significant impact on health in line with the principles of rational usage of drug. Further researches should be carried on continuously to improve the rational usage of antibiotics.

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