Author(s): Aditi Tomar and Dr. Shravan Kumar Singh

Abstract: It is well recognized that microRNAs are essential for the growth and development of various cancer stages. Oncomirs and tumor suppressor miRNAs are two different types of miRNAs that can either target oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Depending on the tissue type and developmental phases, certain miRNAs solely function as tumor suppressors or oncomirs, whereas a few others may function as both. In the clinic, many methods of overexpressing the tumor suppressor miRNAs have been explored for therapeutic intervention. Another potential method for cancer therapy utilizing RNAi is the down-regulation of oncomirs employing inhibitors of miRNAs such as locked nucleic acid (LNA) miRNA inhibitors. It has been demonstrated that miR-491 inhibits MMP-9 expression in glioblastomas. Its precise mode of action in numerous cancer types is still unknown. MMP-9 is important for the development of breast cancer. According to reports, breast cancer's aggressiveness and greater metastatic potential are both correlated with MMP-9 levels. These patients also have a worse survival percentage due to their elevated MMP-9 expression. The role of miR-491 in breast cancer was the main topic of this investigation. Studies in vitro were conducted to determine how miR-491 affected MMP-9 and EGFR, two well-known oncogenes linked to the aggressiveness of breast cancer. Additionally, based on a systems biology approach, computational and bioinformatics methodologies were used to determine the targets of miR-491 in breast cancer as well as the potential anti-cancer mechanism of this miRNA.

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